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Comments About... RockallRockall is a small, rocky islet in the North Atlantic but is probably better known as one of the British Sea Areas named in the Shipping Forecast broadcast on BBC Radio 4. The status of the surrounding ocean floor is disputed between the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Denmark (for the Faroe Islands), and Iceland.
The island itself is an uninhabitable rock without an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of its own. This is no longer disputed but the UK claimed before 1997 that the island should be taken into account for the purposes of delineating the boundaries of economic zones in the area. The current dispute revolves around continental shelf rights in the area. These are the exclusive rights to exploit any resources on or under the ocean floor (oil, natural gas, etc.) and should not be confused with the EEZ as continental shelf rights do not carry any privileges with regard to fisheries.
The origin of the name is debatable but it has been suggested that it derives from the Gaelic "Sgeir Rocail" which is often translated as "Roaring Rock" although "rocail" is more usually translated as "tearing" or "ripping". The first literary reference to the isle, where it is called Rockol, is found in Martin Martin’s A Description of the Western isles of Scotland published in 1716 where he gives an account of a voyage to St Kilda where the locals knew the isle as Rockabarra (Rocabarraigh). The name Rocabarraigh is also used in Gaelic folklore for a mythical rock which is supposed to appear three times, the last being at the end of the world.
The rock is the summit of an extinct volcano and is located at 57°35′48″N, 13°41′19″W. It is 301.4 kilometres (187.3 statute miles or 162.7 nautical miles) west of the uninhabited island of Soay, St. Kilda, Scotland and 368.7 kilometres (229.1 statute miles) west of the hamlet of Hogha Gearraidh, on the island of North Uist, Scotland. It is 424 kilometres (265 statute miles) north–west of Donegal in the Republic of Ireland. The rock is about 25 metres (83 ft) wide at its base and rises sheer to a height of approximately 22 metres (72 ft). It is regularly washed over by large storm waves, particularly in winter. There is a small ledge of 3.5 by 1.3 metres (11 by 4 ft), known as Hall’s Ledge, 4 metres (13 ft) from the summit. The rock’s only permanent inhabitants are periwinkles and other marine mollusks. Small numbers of seabirds, mainly fulmars, gannets, kittiwakes, and guillemots, use the rock for resting in summer, and gannets and guillemots occasionally breed successfully if the summer is calm with no storm waves washing over the rock. There is no natural source of fresh water. Rockall is also close to the Darwin Mounds, deep–water coral mounds about 185 km (100 nm or 115 mi) north–west of Cape Wrath.
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